B. Pharmacy Notes

Maintaining pH balance and electrolyte concentration is essential for human survival and drug stability. This unit explains the principles of acids, bases, and buffers, their role in pharmaceutical systems, and their practical applications in formulations. You’ll also learn about physiological electrolytes, their therapeutic use, and important dental products for oral care. Acids and Bases in […]

When it comes to medicines, even the tiniest impurity can make a big difference. Whether it affects the drug’s safety, stability, or effectiveness, impurities in pharmaceutical substances are a serious concern in the healthcare industry. In this article, we’ll explore where these impurities come from, how they are detected, and why it’s important to control

Understanding the fundamentals of Semisolid dosage forms that play a vital role in delivering medications topically for local or systemic effects. These formulations offer unique advantages in terms of patient comfort, targeted delivery, and ease of application. What are Semisolid Dosage Forms? Semisolid dosage forms are topical preparations that have a consistency between a solid

This unit covers two important areas of pharmaceutics: suppositories, a type of solid dosage form, and pharmaceutical incompatibilities, which are crucial in ensuring safety and efficacy in drug formulation and dispensing. What is Suppositories? A suppository is a solid dosage form designed to be inserted into a body orifice (most commonly the rectum, vagina, or

Liquid dosage forms are a crucial part of pharmaceutical preparations. They are classified based on their physical nature, typically into monophasic (single-phase) and biphasic (two-phase) systems. This unit explores various types of liquid preparations, including their definitions, classifications, formulation methods, and stability considerations. Monophasic Liquid Dosage Forms Monophasic liquid dosage forms are a class of

Understanding the fundamentals of pharmaceutical calculations, powder formulations, and liquid dosage forms is crucial for every pharmacy student. These topics are not just theoretical—they have direct applications in dispensing, compounding, and drug formulation in both clinical and industrial pharmacy settings. What is Pharmaceutical Calculations? Pharmaceutical calculations are a critical set of mathematical procedures used in

Pharmaceutics is the foundation of pharmacy, bridging the gap between drug discovery and drug use. This unit introduces students to the historical evolution of pharmacy in India, dosage forms, prescriptions, and posology—laying the groundwork for future studies and practical applications in pharmacy practice. Historical Background and Development of Pharmacy in India Pharmacy in India has

Electrochemical methods play a crucial role in pharmaceutical analysis for determining ionic concentrations, redox behavior and drug purity. These methods involve measuring electrical properties like conductivity, potential and current to analyze substances. What is Conductometry? Conductometry is an electroanalytical technique that involves the measurement of the electrical conductivity of a solution. This conductivity is directly